Cracking Optiver's Tough Probability Questions: Tips for Aspiring Candidates

Optiver | | Interview Experience

Interview Date: Not specified
Result: Not specified
Difficulty: Not specified

Interview Process

The interview consisted of several rounds focusing on probability problems. Each round involved solving complex probability scenarios and explaining the reasoning behind the solutions. The format was primarily verbal, with the interviewer asking questions and the candidate providing detailed explanations.

Technical Questions

  • What is the probability that the next card drawn from a deck is red after the first 10 cards are thrown away? (Probability)
  • Roll four dice and find the probability that the sum of the three smallest numbers is 3. (Probability)
  • What is the probability of rolling two dice and getting a sum of 7? (Probability)
  • Given an unfair coin with a 60% chance of heads, what is the probability of winning $20 if you start with $10 and bet $1 each time? (Probability)
  • A couple wants more girls than boys. If the first child is a girl, they will not have more children. What is the expected number of children they should have? (Probability)
  • In a 4x4 grid, A starts at the lower left and B at the upper right. What is the probability that A and B will not meet? (Probability)
  • What is the probability that the difference of two dice rolls is greater than 2? (Probability)
  • What is the expected sum of rolls until you roll a number greater than 4? (Probability)
  • What is the probability that the ones digit of a randomly chosen two-digit number is greater than the tens digit? (Probability)
  • What is the expected value of the product of three cards drawn from a standard 52-card deck? (Probability)
  • What is the probability that the difference of two randomly chosen three-digit numbers is a two-digit number? (Probability)
  • What is the probability that the sum of two distinct integers chosen from 1 to 9 is 10 or greater? (Probability)
  • What is the probability of getting three of the same result in a row when flipping 8 coins? (Probability)
  • Starting at the origin, if you roll a die and move based on the result, how many rolls on average will it take to be 10 steps away from the origin? (Probability)
  • In a game with 100 $1 coins flipped, what is the fair value of the game after removing pairs? (Probability)
  • How many coin flips are needed on average for two particles starting at opposite vertices of an octagon to meet? (Probability)
  • What is the probability that three cards drawn from a standard deck are in non-decreasing order? (Probability)
  • What is the probability of drawing 13 cards from a standard deck without getting an ace? (Probability)
  • When rolling three dice, what is the probability that some combination of these dice sums to 5? (Probability)
  • If a particle is at the center of a 10x10 grid and can move in any direction with equal probability, how many steps on average does it take to hit the boundary? (Probability)
  • If you have a bag containing 10 red, 10 yellow, and 10 blue balls, what is the expected number of balls remaining when only two colors are left? (Probability)
  • Starting with $10 and rolling a die 10 times, what is the probability of going bankrupt? (Probability)
  • What is the probability of rolling dice and keeping the sum until it exceeds 100? (Probability)

Tips & Insights

Focus on understanding the underlying principles of probability and be prepared to explain your thought process clearly. Practice solving a variety of probability problems to build confidence and improve problem-solving speed.